Bar and Rod
Plate and Sheet
Strip
Pipe and Tube
Wire
Welding
Powder Material
Cast Products
Forged Products
Fittings
Fastening
Round Bar:
φ2–500 mm, 1–6 m length
Flat/Square Bar:
4–100 mm thickness/width
Hex Bar:
A/F 3–100 mm
Hollow Bar:
OD 20–300 mm
Sheet:
0.3–6 mm thickness
Medium Plate:
6–25 mm thickness
Heavy Plate:
25–100 mm thickness
Standard Strip:
0.05–3 mm thick,
10–600 mm wide
Precision strip:
0.01–0.5 mm thick,
tight tolerance ±0.005 mm
Foil:
0.005–0.1 mm thick
Seamless Tube:
OD 6–450 mm,
WT 1–50 mm,
1–12 m length
Welded Tube:
OD 10–600 mm,
WT 1–20 mm
Capillary Tube:
OD 1–10 mm,
WT 0.1–2 mm
Wire Form:
Cold Drawn Wire,
Bright Wire,
Spring Wire,
Fine Wire,
Ultra-fine Wire
General Diameter:
φ0.1–10 mm
Coil Weight:
50–500 kg,
customizable tolerance
Solid Wire:
φ0.8–4.0 mm
Flux-cored Wire:
φ1.2–4.0 mm
Welding Rod:
φ2.0–5.0 mm
Powder Form:
AM 3D Printing Powder,
Spherical Powder,
Gas-atomized Powder,
Water-atomized Powder
Particle Size:
10–150 μm
Sphericity:
≥90% for AM grade
Cast Ingot:
φ200–800 mm
Precision Casting:
min wall 0.5 mm
Cast Pipe:
OD 100–600 mm,
WT 10–50 mm
Forged Bar:
Φ35–500 mm
Forged Ring:
OD 200–2000 mm
Forging Weight:
1–5000 kg
Fittings Form:
Elbow, Tee, Reducer, Flange, Cap, Outlet, Lap Joint
Size range:
1/2''–24'' (DN15–DN600)
Wall thickness:
Sch10–Sch160, STD, XS, XXS
Pressure Class:
150–2500 LB
Fastening Form:
Bolt, Nut, Screw, Stud, Washer, Pin, Rivet
Metric: M3–M64
Imperial: #4–2.5''
Length: 6–500 mm
2.4646 is the German material number for a nickel-chromium-aluminum-iron high-temperature oxidation-resistant alloy. This datasheet presents the material within the Werkstoff-Nummer (DIN / EN) designation system.
Developed to provide the optimum in high-temperature oxidation resistance for a wrought austenitic material while allowing conventional forming and joining, 2.4646 is intended principally for use at temperatures of 955 °C and above. At these temperatures it forms a tightly adherent Al₂O₃-type protective oxide scale — in preference to chromium-oxide scales — giving oxidation resistance far exceeding virtually all conventional heat-resistant wrought alloys; a small yttrium addition improves scale adhesion and resistance to spalling. Below 955 °C the scale is a mixture of chromium and aluminum oxides, still affording resistance equal to the best nickel-base alloys. The alumina scale also gives excellent resistance to carburisation, nitriding and corrosion in chlorine-bearing oxidizing environments. It is supplied in the solution heat-treated condition and is best suited to high-temperature, low-stress service.
Typical applications include gas-turbine honeycomb seals (made from thin foil), heat-treatment fixtures, catalytic converters, ceramic-firing hardware, and incinerator components.
| Property | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Density | 8.05 | g/cm³ |
| Melting range | 1400–1450 | °C |
| Elastic modulus | 218 | GPa |
| Coefficient of thermal expansion (20–100 °C) | 13.0 | µm/m·°C |
| Thermal conductivity (20 °C) | 11.0 | W/m·K |
| Specific heat (20 °C) | 449 | J/kg·K |
| Structure | Austenitic (FCC) | — |
| Element | Symbol | Min % | Max % | Role in Alloy |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nickel | Ni | Balance | — | Base element; austenitic matrix |
| Chromium | Cr | 15.0 | 17.0 | Oxidation resistance below 955 °C |
| Aluminium | Al | 4.0 | 5.0 | Forms protective Al₂O₃ scale |
| Iron | Fe | 2.0 | 4.0 | Solid-solution; cost |
| Yttrium | Y | 0.01 | 0.10 | Oxide-scale adhesion; anti-spalling |
| Manganese | Mn | — | 0.50 | Deoxidiser |
| Zirconium | Zr | — | 0.10 | Grain-boundary strengthening |
| Silicon | Si | — | 0.20 | Residual |
| Carbon | C | — | 0.05 | Carbide formation |
Solution heat-treated condition, per EN reference data for W.Nr. 2.4646.
| Condition | Property | Value |
|---|---|---|
| Solution annealed | Tensile strength (Rm) | ≥915 MPa |
| Solution annealed | 0.2% proof strength (Rp0.2) | ≥590 MPa |
| Solution annealed | Elongation (A5) | ≥38 % |
| High temperature | Oxidation resistance | Superior above 955 °C |
| — | Elastic modulus | 218 GPa |
Values per EN reference data; the alloy is best suited to high-temperature, low-stress service. Exposure at 595–925 °C causes γ′ (Ni₃Al) age-hardening. Confirm against the inspection certificate (EN 10204).
| Environment | Performance | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| High-temperature oxidation (>955 °C) | Superior | Al₂O₃ scale; best of wrought alloys |
| Cyclic oxidation / thermal shock | Excellent | Yttrium-enhanced scale adhesion |
| Carburisation | Excellent | Al₂O₃ scale |
| Nitriding | Excellent | Al₂O₃ scale |
| Chlorine-bearing oxidizing environments | Excellent | Protective alumina |
Above 955 °C the alloy forms an extremely protective Al₂O₃ scale that gives oxidation resistance unmatched by conventional wrought alloys, together with excellent resistance to carburisation, nitriding and chlorine-bearing oxidizing environments; resistance to cyclic oxidation is particularly strong owing to the yttrium-stabilised scale.
A solid-solution alloy used principally in the annealed condition; it can age-harden by γ′ (Ni₃Al) precipitation if exposed at intermediate temperatures.
Anneal Solution anneal at approximately 1120 °C and rapidly cool. The alloy is supplied solution heat-treated. Exposure in the range 595–925 °C precipitates γ′ (Ni₃Al); highly stressed, highly restrained welded components slowly heated through this range are susceptible to strain-age cracking, which should be considered in fabrication.
Good weldability; welded by gas-tungsten-arc, gas-metal-arc and shielded-metal-arc processes. Owing to its aluminium content, care is needed to avoid strain-age cracking in highly restrained joints heated slowly through the γ′ precipitation range.
| Welding Process | Applicability | Filler / Consumable |
|---|---|---|
| GTAW / TIG | Good | Matching filler |
| GMAW / MIG | Good | Matching filler |
| SMAW / stick | Acceptable | Matching electrode |
Weld on solution-annealed material with clean surfaces; manage restraint and heating rate to avoid strain-age cracking.
Machining Guidelines
| Parameter | Recommendation |
|---|---|
| Machinability | Difficult; work-hardens, rigid setups, sharp tooling |
| Speeds | Slow speeds, positive feeds, no dwelling |
| Coolant | Ample coolant |
Forming Processes
| Process | Notes |
|---|---|
| Cold forming | Good room-temperature ductility; anneal and rapid-cool afterward |
| Hot forming | ~1150 °C (held to temperature); anneal and rapid-cool afterward |
| Industry | Typical Components | Key Requirements |
|---|---|---|
| Aero gas turbine | Honeycomb seals (thin foil) | High-temperature oxidation resistance |
| Heat treatment | Fixtures, muffles, baskets | Oxidation + carburisation resistance |
| Automotive | Catalytic converter hardware | Oxidation in exhaust environments |
| Process / ceramics | Kiln furniture, incinerator parts | High-temperature oxidation resistance |
| Product Form | DIN / EN Standard | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Sheet, strip and foil | DIN 17750 · W.Nr. 2.4646 | Honeycomb-seal foil |
| Bar, rod and wire | DIN 17752 · W.Nr. 2.4646 | — |
| Plate | W.Nr. 2.4646 | — |
| Inspection documents | EN 10204 | — |
Nickel-chromium-aluminum-iron alumina-forming high-temperature alloy. W.Nr. 2.4646.
| W.Nr. | Cr % | Al % | Scale | Best Used For |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2.4646 | 15–17 | 4–5 | Al₂O₃ (alumina) | Optimum wrought oxidation resistance >955 °C; turbine seals, heat treatment |
| 2.4633 | 24–26 | 1.8–2.4 | Cr₂O₃/Al₂O₃ | High-temperature oxidation; aluminium-bearing (602 CA) |
| 2.4851 | 21–25 | 1.0–1.7 | Cr₂O₃/Al₂O₃ | General high-temperature oxidation (601) |
| 1.4767 | 18–22 | 5.5–7.0 | Al₂O₃ | FeCrAl heating-element alloy (Kanthal) |
| 2.4816 | 14–17 | — | Cr₂O₃ | General-purpose heat-resistant alloy (600) |
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