Bar and Rod
Plate and Sheet
Strip
Pipe and Tube
Wire
Welding
Powder Material
Cast Products
Forged Products
Fittings
Fastening
Round Bar:
φ2–500 mm, 1–6 m length
Flat/Square Bar:
4–100 mm thickness/width
Hex Bar:
A/F 3–100 mm
Hollow Bar:
OD 20–300 mm
Sheet:
0.3–6 mm thickness
Medium Plate:
6–25 mm thickness
Heavy Plate:
25–100 mm thickness
Standard Strip:
0.05–3 mm thick,
10–600 mm wide
Precision strip:
0.01–0.5 mm thick,
tight tolerance ±0.005 mm
Foil:
0.005–0.1 mm thick
Seamless Tube:
OD 6–450 mm,
WT 1–50 mm,
1–12 m length
Welded Tube:
OD 10–600 mm,
WT 1–20 mm
Capillary Tube:
OD 1–10 mm,
WT 0.1–2 mm
Wire Form:
Cold Drawn Wire,
Bright Wire,
Spring Wire,
Fine Wire,
Ultra-fine Wire
General Diameter:
φ0.1–10 mm
Coil Weight:
50–500 kg,
customizable tolerance
Solid Wire:
φ0.8–4.0 mm
Flux-cored Wire:
φ1.2–4.0 mm
Welding Rod:
φ2.0–5.0 mm
Powder Form:
AM 3D Printing Powder,
Spherical Powder,
Gas-atomized Powder,
Water-atomized Powder
Particle Size:
10–150 μm
Sphericity:
≥90% for AM grade
Cast Ingot:
φ200–800 mm
Precision Casting:
min wall 0.5 mm
Cast Pipe:
OD 100–600 mm,
WT 10–50 mm
Forged Bar:
Φ35–500 mm
Forged Ring:
OD 200–2000 mm
Forging Weight:
1–5000 kg
Fittings Form:
Elbow, Tee, Reducer, Flange, Cap, Outlet, Lap Joint
Size range:
1/2''–24'' (DN15–DN600)
Wall thickness:
Sch10–Sch160, STD, XS, XXS
Pressure Class:
150–2500 LB
Fastening Form:
Bolt, Nut, Screw, Stud, Washer, Pin, Rivet
Metric: M3–M64
Imperial: #4–2.5''
Length: 6–500 mm
1.4835 is a heat-resistant austenitic chromium-nickel stainless steel with high silicon and nitrogen contents and a rare-earth (cerium) micro-addition, developed for high-temperature service where oxidation resistance, creep strength and long-term structural stability are essential. This datasheet presents the material within the European standard system.
It resists oxidation in air up to about 1150 °C (2100 °F) and provides superior service to the 25Cr-20Ni (310-type) grade in carbon-, nitrogen- and sulphur-bearing atmospheres. Its comparatively low nickel content gives an advantage in reducing sulphidising atmospheres relative to high-nickel alloys. The high chromium and silicon, together with the nitrogen and cerium, give good oxide-scale stability and adherence, high elevated-temperature (creep) strength and excellent resistance to sigma-phase precipitation: cerium suppresses oxide-scale spallation during thermal cycling, silicon forms a protective sub-scale that slows oxygen diffusion, and nitrogen provides solid-solution strengthening. The fully austenitic structure gives excellent toughness, even down to cryogenic temperatures. The most suitable temperature range is about 850–1100 °C; prolonged use in the 600–850 °C range can lead to structural changes (embrittlement).
Typical applications include industrial-furnace components and linings, radiant tubes, muffles and retorts, annealing baskets and heat-treatment fixtures, heat exchangers and recuperators, burner components, and other equipment for high-temperature oxidizing or thermally-cycled service. Resistance to oxidizing/reducing sulphur-bearing gases and to aqueous corrosion is limited.
| Property | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Density | 7.8 | g/cm³ |
| Melting range | 1380–1430 | °C |
| Maximum service temperature (oxidizing, air) | ~1150 | °C |
| Young's modulus (20 °C) | 200 | GPa |
| Thermal conductivity (20 °C) | ~15 | W/m·K |
| Coefficient of thermal expansion (20–100 °C) | ~17 | µm/m·°C |
| Electrical resistivity (20 °C) | ~0.85 | µΩ·m |
| Magnetic response | Non-magnetic (austenitic) | — |
| Element | Symbol | Min % | Max % | Role in Alloy |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Iron | Fe | Balance | — | Base element |
| Chromium | Cr | 20.0 | 22.0 | Oxidation resistance |
| Nickel | Ni | 10.0 | 12.0 | Austenite stability |
| Silicon | Si | 1.4 | 2.5 | Enhanced oxidation resistance |
| Nitrogen | N | 0.12 | 0.20 | Creep / high-temperature strength |
| Cerium | Ce | 0.03 | 0.08 | Oxide-scale adherence (rare earth) |
| Carbon | C | 0.05 | 0.12 | Carbide strengthening |
| Manganese | Mn | — | 1.0 | Deoxidiser |
| Phosphorus | P | — | 0.045 | Residual impurity |
| Sulphur | S | — | 0.015 | Residual impurity |
Solution-annealed (+AT) condition, per EN 10095 for W.Nr. 1.4835.
| Property | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile strength (Rm) | 600–800 | MPa |
| 0.2% proof strength (Rp0.2) | ≥310 | MPa |
| Elongation at fracture (A) | ≥40 | % |
| Brinell hardness | ≤223 | HB |
Values per EN/DIN; confirm against the inspection certificate (EN 10204).
| Environment | Performance | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Oxidation / scaling (air) | Excellent | To ~1150 °C |
| Thermal cycling | Excellent | Cerium suppresses scale spallation |
| Carbon / nitrogen / sulphur atmospheres | Good | Superior to 310-type |
| Reducing sulphidising atmospheres | Advantageous | Low nickel content helps |
| High-temperature creep strength | Excellent | Nitrogen-strengthened |
| Sigma-phase resistance | Excellent | Cerium / nitrogen |
| Cryogenic toughness | Excellent | Fully austenitic |
| Embrittlement (600–850 °C, prolonged) | Caution | Structural changes possible |
An austenitic stainless steel; it cannot be hardened by heat treatment. Strength is increased only by cold work.
Solution Anneal approximately 1020–1120 °C (commonly ~1080 °C), followed by rapid cooling in water or air, to dissolve carbides and secondary phases and produce a uniform austenitic structure with optimum oxidation and creep behaviour.
Prolonged exposure in the ~600–850 °C range can cause structural changes (embrittlement); ductility can be restored by re-solution-annealing followed by rapid cooling. The cerium and nitrogen additions help resist sigma-phase precipitation.
Has good weldability and can be joined by submerged-arc, plasma-arc, flux-cored-arc, shielded-metal-arc, gas-tungsten-arc and gas-metal-arc processes. A matching or over-alloyed heat-resistant filler (matching 253-type composition) is used; preheating is not required.
| Process | Applicability | Filler / Consumable |
|---|---|---|
| GTAW / TIG · GMAW / MAG | Good | Matching/over-alloyed heat-resistant filler |
| SAW · PAW · FCAW · SMAW | Good | Heat-resistant consumable |
No preheat required. Keep heat input controlled; solution anneal after welding where maximum high-temperature performance is required.
Machining Guidelines
| Parameter | Recommendation |
|---|---|
| Machinability | As for austenitic stainless; sharp tools, slow speeds, heavy feeds |
| Work hardening | High; rigid setup, positive feeds |
| Coolant | Ample flood coolant |
Forming Processes
| Process | Notes |
|---|---|
| Hot working | ~1150–900 °C; solution anneal after |
| Cold forming | Good ductility; cold-roll/draw/bend/deep-draw; work-hardens |
| Solution anneal | ~1020–1120 °C, rapid cool |
| Industry | Typical Components | Key Requirements |
|---|---|---|
| Heat treating / furnaces | Furnace components/linings, radiant tubes, muffles, retorts | Oxidation resistance to ~1150 °C |
| Heat treatment | Annealing baskets, fixtures, conveyor parts | Creep + thermal-cycling resistance |
| Power / process | Heat exchangers, recuperators | High-temperature strength + creep |
| Combustion | Burner components, thermal shields | Oxidation + sulphur-gas resistance |
| Petrochemical | High-temperature process equipment | Oxidation + creep resistance |
| Cement / mineral | Kiln and high-temperature parts | Oxidation + thermal cycling |
| Product Form | Standard | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Plate, sheet and strip | EN 10095 / 10088-2 · W.Nr. 1.4835 | X9CrNiSiNCe21-11-2 |
| Bar, rod and semi-finished | EN 10088-3 · W.Nr. 1.4835 | — |
| Seamless / welded tube | EN 10216-5 · W.Nr. 1.4835 | — |
| Composition / designation | W.Nr. 1.4835 · X9CrNiSiNCe21-11-2 | EN 10095 |
Heat-resistant Si-N-Ce austenitic stainless steel (21Cr-11Ni). W.Nr. 1.4835 (X9CrNiSiNCe21-11-2); EN 10095. (Variant of 1.4828 with increased nitrogen and rare-earth metals.)
| W.Nr. | Nominal | Max °C | Best Used For |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.4835 | 21Cr-11Ni-Si-N-Ce | ~1150 | High-temp Si-N-Ce; furnace + thermal cycling |
| 1.4818 | 19Cr-10Ni-Si-N-Ce | ~1000 | Lower-temp Si-N-Ce (1.4301 upgrade) |
| 1.4948 | 18Cr-9Ni | ~800 | Standard heat-resistant austenitic |
| 1.4845 | 25Cr-20Ni | ~1050–1100 | High-Cr/Ni heat-resistant |
| 1.4854 | 25Cr-35Ni-Si-N-Ce | ~1175 | Highest-temp Si-N-Ce (high Ni) |
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