Bar and Rod
Plate and Sheet
Strip
Pipe and Tube
Wire
Welding
Powder Material
Cast Products
Forged Products
Fittings
Fastening
Round Bar:
φ2–500 mm, 1–6 m length
Flat/Square Bar:
4–100 mm thickness/width
Hex Bar:
A/F 3–100 mm
Hollow Bar:
OD 20–300 mm
Sheet:
0.3–6 mm thickness
Medium Plate:
6–25 mm thickness
Heavy Plate:
25–100 mm thickness
Standard Strip:
0.05–3 mm thick,
10–600 mm wide
Precision strip:
0.01–0.5 mm thick,
tight tolerance ±0.005 mm
Foil:
0.005–0.1 mm thick
Seamless Tube:
OD 6–450 mm,
WT 1–50 mm,
1–12 m length
Welded Tube:
OD 10–600 mm,
WT 1–20 mm
Capillary Tube:
OD 1–10 mm,
WT 0.1–2 mm
Wire Form:
Cold Drawn Wire,
Bright Wire,
Spring Wire,
Fine Wire,
Ultra-fine Wire
General Diameter:
φ0.1–10 mm
Coil Weight:
50–500 kg,
customizable tolerance
Solid Wire:
φ0.8–4.0 mm
Flux-cored Wire:
φ1.2–4.0 mm
Welding Rod:
φ2.0–5.0 mm
Powder Form:
AM 3D Printing Powder,
Spherical Powder,
Gas-atomized Powder,
Water-atomized Powder
Particle Size:
10–150 μm
Sphericity:
≥90% for AM grade
Cast Ingot:
φ200–800 mm
Precision Casting:
min wall 0.5 mm
Cast Pipe:
OD 100–600 mm,
WT 10–50 mm
Forged Bar:
Φ35–500 mm
Forged Ring:
OD 200–2000 mm
Forging Weight:
1–5000 kg
Fittings Form:
Elbow, Tee, Reducer, Flange, Cap, Outlet, Lap Joint
Size range:
1/2''–24'' (DN15–DN600)
Wall thickness:
Sch10–Sch160, STD, XS, XXS
Pressure Class:
150–2500 LB
Fastening Form:
Bolt, Nut, Screw, Stud, Washer, Pin, Rivet
Metric: M3–M64
Imperial: #4–2.5''
Length: 6–500 mm
X2CrNiN23-4 is a molybdenum-free lean ferritic-austenitic (duplex) stainless steel, with a microstructure of roughly equal ferrite and austenite. This datasheet presents the material within the Werkstoff-Nummer (DIN / EN) designation system.
With about 23% chromium, 4% nickel and 0.10% nitrogen and no deliberate molybdenum addition, 1.4362 offers general corrosion resistance comparable to 1.4404 together with proof strength roughly twice that of standard austenitic grades, allowing weight savings. The low nickel and high chromium contents give improved resistance to chloride stress-corrosion cracking and to acid environments. It is suited to the −50 °C to +300 °C temperature range.
Typical applications include storage tanks and vessels for chemical compounds, valves, shafts, stirrers, flanges, pumps, pipelines, desalination systems, structural and architectural elements, and concrete reinforcement bar.
| Property | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Density | 7.8 | g/cm³ |
| Melting range | 1385–1450 | °C |
| Elastic modulus | 200 | GPa |
| Coefficient of thermal expansion (20–100 °C) | 13 | µm/m·°C |
| Thermal conductivity (20 °C) | 15 | W/m·K |
| Specific heat (20 °C) | 500 | J/kg·K |
| Structure | Ferritic-austenitic (duplex) | — |
| Element | Symbol | Min % | Max % | Role in Alloy |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Iron | Fe | Balance | — | Base element |
| Chromium | Cr | 22.0 | 24.5 | Ferrite former; corrosion resistance |
| Nickel | Ni | 3.5 | 5.5 | Austenite former; phase balance |
| Molybdenum | Mo | 0.10 | 0.60 | Residual (molybdenum-free grade) |
| Copper | Cu | 0.10 | 0.60 | Residual |
| Nitrogen | N | 0.05 | 0.20 | Austenite former; strength; pitting |
| Manganese | Mn | — | 2.00 | Deoxidiser |
| Silicon | Si | — | 1.00 | Deoxidiser |
| Carbon | C | — | 0.030 | Low (intergranular resistance) |
| Phosphorus | P | — | 0.035 | Residual impurity |
| Sulphur | S | — | 0.015 | Residual impurity |
Solution-annealed (+AT) condition, per EN 10088-3 for W.Nr. 1.4362.
| Condition | Property | Value |
|---|---|---|
| Solution-annealed | Tensile strength (Rm) | 600–830 MPa |
| Solution-annealed | 0.2% proof strength (Rp0.2) | ≥400 MPa |
| Solution-annealed | Elongation (A5) | ≥25 % |
| Solution-annealed | Impact energy (KV) | ≥100 J |
| Solution-annealed | Hardness | ≤260 HB |
Values per EN 10088-3; resistant to intergranular corrosion in the as-delivered and welded condition. Confirm against the inspection certificate (EN 10204).
| Environment | Performance | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| General corrosion | Very Good | Comparable to 1.4404 |
| Chloride stress-corrosion cracking | Very Good | Superior to 1.4301 / 1.4404 (ferrite phase) |
| Pitting and crevice corrosion | Good | PREN ~24–26 |
| Acid environments | Very Good | High chromium |
| Seawater / sour (H₂S) | Limited | Not recommended for aggressive chlorides / sour service |
Not hardenable by heat treatment; properties are set by solution annealing and phase balance.
Solution Anneal Approximately 1020–1100 °C followed by rapid cooling (water quench) to retain the balanced ferrite-austenite structure and avoid embrittling intermetallic phases. Avoid prolonged exposure in the 350–950 °C range (sigma-phase / 475 °C embrittlement); do not use above ~300 °C in service.
Good weldability with correct procedures; use a matching lean-duplex (23 7 N-type) filler and control heat input to maintain phase balance.
| Welding Process | Applicability | Filler / Consumable |
|---|---|---|
| GTAW / TIG | Good | Lean-duplex (23 7 N type) |
| GMAW / MIG | Good | Lean-duplex filler |
| SMAW / stick | Good | Matching duplex electrode |
No preheat; control interpass temperature and heat input; resistant to intergranular corrosion in the as-welded condition owing to the low carbon.
Machining Guidelines
| Parameter | Recommendation |
|---|---|
| Machinability | Good for a duplex; rigid setup, carbide tools, moderate speeds |
| Work hardening | Significant; positive feeds, avoid dwelling |
| Coolant | Ample flood coolant |
Forming Processes
| Process | Notes |
|---|---|
| Cold forming | Higher forces than austenitics (high duplex strength) |
| Hot forming | ~1150–950 °C; solution anneal + quench afterward |
| Industry | Typical Components | Key Requirements |
|---|---|---|
| Storage / containment | Tanks, pressure vessels, silos | Strength + SCC resistance, low cost |
| Construction | Structural sections, rebar, facades | High strength-to-weight |
| Water / municipal | Wastewater treatment, water tanks | Chloride resistance |
| Chemical / process | Valves, pumps, pipelines, stirrers | Acid + SCC resistance |
| Product Form | DIN / EN Standard | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Plate, sheet and strip | EN 10088-2 · W.Nr. 1.4362 | X2CrNiN23-4 |
| Bar, rod and sections | EN 10088-3 · W.Nr. 1.4362 | — |
| Seamless / welded tube | EN 10216-5 / EN 10217-7 · W.Nr. 1.4362 | — |
| Forgings | EN 10222-5 · W.Nr. 1.4362 | — |
| Sour service | ISO 15156-3 | — |
Molybdenum-free lean ferritic-austenitic (duplex) stainless steel. W.Nr. 1.4362 (X2CrNiN23-4).
| EN Symbol | Cr % | Ni % | Mo % | N % | Best Used For |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| X2CrNiN23-4 | 22.0–24.5 | 3.5–5.5 | 0.10–0.60 | 0.05–0.20 | Lean Mo-free duplex; 1.4404 substitute |
| X2CrMnNiN22-5-2 | 21–22 | 1.35–1.70 | 0.10–0.80 | 0.20–0.25 | Lean low-Ni duplex |
| X2CrNiMoN22-5-3 | 21–23 | 4.5–6.5 | 2.5–3.5 | 0.10–0.22 | Standard duplex |
| X2CrNi18-9 | 18–20 | 8–10 | — | — | Austenitic general service |
| X2CrNiMo17-12-2 | 16.5–18.5 | 10–13 | 2.0–2.5 | — | Austenitic, chloride service |
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